In the second installment of the series, Jamāl al-Bannā moves on to the qadriyah [the concept of fatalism or determinism] that appeared during the days of the Prophet’s companions. He explains that there were two groups of qadriyah. One group totally rejected the idea of destiny, saying that God does not foreordain sins. According to this group, Muslims make themselves Muslims and worshipers of God. The second group claims that God forces man to do some deeds. According to this group, apostasy and sins are clearly black and white.
Al-Bannā then comments that during the times of the Companions there was enough freedom of expression in society to tolerate all these irregular ideas without accusing any of these sects of apostasy. The Book also mentions that the
sunnah believes both faith and apostasy to be combined in man; however, one is usually stronger than the other. Al-Bannā further comments that this serves to show that man is weak by his own nature. [For other articles written by al-Bannā please see AWR2010 week 13, article 7]